Question No. 1

Define the essential amino acids and list the amino acids vital to humans.

Answer

Those amino acids are not synthesized in our body and therefore must be taken in our diet. Following are some essential amino acids.

  1. Metheonin
  2. Arginine (semi-essential )
  3. Theonin
  4. Tryptophan
  5. Valine
  6. Isoleucine
  7. Leucine
  8. Phenylalanine
  9. Histidine (Semiessential)
  10. Lysine

Question No. 2

What are the properties of colloids?

Answer 

The name was Colloids, as proposed by Graeme.

  1. A heterogeneous mixture of two or more than two substances.
  2. Solute particles are atoms or groups of molecules.
  3. Particle size ranges from 1 mm to 100 nm.
  4. Scatter light beam—tyndal effect.
  5. Particles cannot be seen with the naked eye.

Examples 

Solvent +Solute = Solution

  • Gum in water
  • Milk
  • Blood serum 
  • Sulfur in water & starch in water 

Question No. 3

A patient was admitted to the emergency room with a twelve-hour history of chest pain. His cardiac enzymes were raised.

Define enzymes.

Give the mechanism of action and properties of enzymes.

Answer 

 Definition

These are proteins produced by living cells, that are capable of catalyzing a chemical reaction in a living organism to yield a specific product, without getting used up. They never initiate any reaction; rather, they only accelerate the pre-existing reaction. Enzymes are biological catalysts.
Properties of Enzymes:
They are proteins in nature 
  1. Enzymes never initiate any reaction; instead, they accelerate the pre-existing reaction 
  2. They reduce the energy of activation 

Enzymes + Substrate–Enzymes substrate complex (Transient and unstable )– Enzymes +product